The role of the chosen personality of the psychological strategy of interaction with the disease during the somatic disease
Abstract
The issue of the role of the psychological factor in the course and overcoming of somatic diseases is extremely relevant. Psychological mechanisms and psychological resources of a person affect his ability to recover. The problem of determining the optimal strategies of human interaction with the disease becomes especially relevant in the recovery process. The study involved the following categories of patients in clinical hospitals: persons with chronic diseases in the conditions of planned treatment, persons with chronic diseases in the state of exacerbation, persons with acute life-threatening disease, persons with acute life-threatening disease in the context of recent diagnosis, persons with somatic disease at the stage of recovery. The study identified a number of strategies used by patients to interact with the disease, including: adaptive strategy (acceptance of the disease and its gradual overcoming in a planned manner), community imitation strategy (focus on overcoming the disease on the example of overcoming trials by socially significant communities), strategy of personal imitation (focus on overcoming the disease on the example of an authoritative person), strategy of external locus control (in which a person becomes what others see him), strategy of the ultimate goal (focus on a positive result of active action), strategy of escape from responsibility (shift of responsibility for their health to doctors, relatives, friends, volunteers, etc.). The article presents the results of an empirical study that outlines the specifics of the choice of strategies for interaction with the disease of patients with different categories of disease. It was found that the ability to fight the disease is highest in those individuals who have a high level of adaptation to the disease. It is the adaptive strategy of interaction with the disease was found in all patients at the stage of recovery. The results obtained in the study allow to make positive adjustments to care plans for patients with various somatic diseases.
References
Kazlauskas, E., & Zelviene, P. (2016) Trauma research in the Baltic countries: From political oppression to recovery. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v7.29295
Lehmann М., Jonas С., Pohontsch N.-J. Zimmermann T., Scherer M., Löwe B. (2019) General practitioners' views on the diagnostic innovations in DSM-5 somatic symptom disorder - A focus group study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. Vol. 123, 109734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.109734
Lia C., Borgfeldtb C., Samsioeb G., Lidfeldtc J., Nerbrandc C. (2005) Background factors influencing somatic and psychological symptoms in middle-age women with different hormonal status: A population-based study of Swedish women. Maturitas. Vol. 52, Issues 3–4. 306-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2005.05.005
Moore T., Norman P., Harris P.R., Makris M. (2006) Cognitive appraisals and psychological distress following venous thromboembolic disease: An application of the theory of cognitive adaptation. Social Science & Medicine. Vol. 63, Issue 9, 2395-2406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.06.014
Nabia H., Hallb M., Koskenvuoc М., Singh-Manouxad А., Oksanene Т., Suominenf S., Kivimäkide М., Vahteraef J. (2010) Psychological and Somatic Symptoms of Anxiety and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: The Health and Social Support Prospective Cohort Study. Biological Psychiatry. Vol. 67, Issue 4. 378-385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.07.040
Pouranga P. Besharat M.A. (2011) An Investigation of the Relationship Between Coping Styles and Psychological Adaptation with Recovery Process in a Sample of Coronary Heart Disease Patients. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. Vol.30. 171-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.034
Ruppert, F. (2012) Symbiosis & Autonomy: Symbiotic Trauma and Love Beyond Entanglements. Gloucs: Green Balloon Publishing.
Schaefert R., Höner C., Salm F. Wirsching M., Leonhart R., Yang J., Wei J., Lu W., Larisch A., Fritzsche K. (2013) Psychological and behavioral variables associated with the somatic symptom severity of general hospital outpatients in China. General Hospital Psychiatry. Vol. 35, Issue 3. 297-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2012.11.001
Weigel A., Maehder K., Witt M., Löwe B. (2020) Psychotherapists' perspective on the treatment of patients with somatic symptom disorders. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. Vol. 138. 110228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110228
Bazhenova P.A., Shchelkova O.Yu. (2010) Features of the personality of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Bulletin of the South Ural State. un-that. Ser. "Psychology". Issue. 11. № 40 (216). 84–86.
Berezin F.B. (1988) Mental and psychophysiological adaptation of a person. Leningrad: Nauka. 272
Brekhman K. Sh., Brekhman G. I. (1998) Psychosomatic disorders in children born from desired and unwanted pregnancies. Ecology of the Earth! Ecology Lona! Ecology of the Earth. Materials of the Regional Conference on Perinatal Psychology. Ivanovo. 42–45.
Wasserman L.I., Trifonova E.A., Shchelkova O.Yu. (2011) Psychological diagnostics and correction in a somatic clinic. SPb. Rech. 271
Gridkovets L.M. (2019) Some results of longitudinal research of psychological and pedagogical factors of family determination of personal crises. Herald of Kyiv Institute of Business and Technology. 42 (3): 95-101. https://doi.org/10.37203/kibit.2019.42.15
Gridkovets L.M. (2016) The world of life crises of a person as a child of his family, kind and people: a monograph. 2nd edition, corrected and supplemented. Lviv, Skrynia. 516
Kraimer D., Zaporozhets O. (2016) Psychological principles of trauma therapy of families of combatants. Herald of Kyiv Institute of Business and Technology. 3. 43-47
Malkina-Pykh I. (2008) Psychosomatics. A practical psychologist's reference guide. SPb: Peter. 576
Ovchinnikova Yu.G. (2010) On the Problem of Interventions in a Personality Crisis Situation: From Theory to Practice. Cultural-historical psychology. Vol. 6, No. 3. 93–98.
Raigorodsky D.Ya. (2002) Practical psychodiagnostics. Techniques and tests. Tutorial. Samara: Publishing House "BAHRAH-M". 672
Gridkovets L., Prorok N., Tsarenko L. (ed.) (2018) Rehabilitation psychology. In 3 volumes of the OSCE. Ministry of Social Policy
Stukalova LA, Kravets BB, Bokov SN (1996) On the typology of attitudes to psychotherapeutic treatment of patients with oncological diseases. History of Saburova dacha. Advances in psychiatry, neurology, neurosurgery and narcology: Collection of scientific works of the Ukrainian Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Neurology and Psychiatry and the Kharkiv City Clinical Psychiatric Hospital № 15 (Saburova dacha). V. 3. 354–356
Talanov VL, Malkina-Pykh IG (2005) Handbook of practical psychologist. SPb. Sova, M. EKSMO. 928
Schutzenberger A. (2001) Ancestor syndrome. Transgenerational ties, family secrets, anniversary syndrome, trauma transmission and practical use of the genosociogram. / Translated from French. Moscow. Publishing House of the Institute of Psychotherapy, 240
Yanitsky M.S. (1999) Adaptation process: psychological mechanisms and patterns of dynamics. Textbook. Kemerovo: KemGU. 84
