PSYCHOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES FOR SAFE BEHAVIOR OF PSYCHOLOGISTS IN EXTREME CONDITIONS, FORMATION OF HIS PROFESSIONAL PERSONALITY AND COMMUNICATION
Abstract
The article discusses the pressing issue of ensuring the psychological safety of psychologists in extreme conditions and developing their professional readiness. The author emphasises the importance of using effective psychotherapeutic methods and techniques aimed at both supporting psychologists in the performance of their professional duties and overcoming the consequences of traumatic events. In particular, it provides a detailed analysis of methods such as cognitive-behavioural, Gestalt, body-oriented, positive and transcultural psychotherapy, which contribute to the restoration and reinterpretation of experience. Particular attention is paid to techniques of relaxation, meditation, self-regulation, psychophysiological recovery, as well as psychological interventions (gratitude, mindfulness, acts of kindness) that positively affect the emotional state of the psychologist. The author emphasises the role of remote counselling, psychoeducation, supervision, and group mutual assistance as key elements in the prevention of professional burnout. An important place is given to the psychologist's communicative competence, their ability to empathise and adapt to the client's state in crisis situations. The article proposes a model of psychological safety for specialists, which includes moral-communicative, motivational-volitional, and value-semantic components.
Therefore, there is a need for a systematic approach to the problems of forming psychological safety, in particular, the integration of knowledge about the basics of psychological preparation for safe behavior into the training programs of psychologists. In order to maintain psychophysiological health in conditions of extreme influences, it is important to develop educational programs, methodological recommendations, ensure continuous training and supervision of psychologists, and form mutual aid and support groups from people who have been in extreme conditions.
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